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Decoding NLRP3: Phase separation enters the scene

Niklas A. Schmacke^1,2 , Veit Hornung^1,*

¹Gene Center and Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
²Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
* Correspondence: Veit Hornung(hornung@genzentrum.lmu.de)

Activation of the innate immune sensor protein NLRP3 leads to the assembly of a multiprotein complex called the inflammasome, causing cell death and inflammation. In a recent paper in Cell Research, Zou et al. now provide evidence that palmitoylation of NLRP3 promotes its liquid–liquid phase separation, driving inflammasome activation.

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41422-025-01120-9

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