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Volume 35, No 8, Aug 2025

ISSN: 1001-0602 
EISSN: 1748-7838  
2020 impact factor 25.617*  
(Clarivate Analytics, 2021)

About the cover

The pathogenic relationship between central apparatus defects and asthenospermia is illustrated through a dragon-boat regatta. A deep-red boat leads the race, its trumpeter seated amidships and perfectly synchronized with the oarsmen, symbolizing a healthy sperm axoneme with a fully functional central apparatus. In contrast, the yellow boats lag behind, lacking trumpeters, to illustrate how central apparatus abnormalities impair motility and cause asthenozoospermia. See page 551–567 by Yun Zhu et al. for details.