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Self-RNA Rmrp pre-dimerizes TLR3 for immune activation

Ailin Han , Richard A. Flavell

Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
* Correspondence: Richard A. Flavell(Richard.flavell@yale.edu)

Endosomal Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are nucleic acid sensors that play an important role in innate immunity to combat viral infection; however, it is unclear how endogenous nucleic acids interact with endosomal TLRs. In a recent paper in Cell Research, Zhang et al. showed that self-RNA Rmrp primes TLR3 for pre-dimerization, which is essential for TLR3 activation.

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41422-025-01184-7

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