Volume 27, No 4, Apr 2017

ISSN: 1001-0602 
EISSN: 1748-7838 2018 
impact factor 17.848* 
(Clarivate Analytics, 2019)

Volume 27 Issue 4, April 2017: 590-593   |  Open Access

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

Single-cell exome sequencing identifies mutations in KCP, LOC440040, and LOC440563 as drivers in renal cell carcinoma stem cells

Chong Li^1,2,3,*, Song Wu^4,*, Zhao Yang^5,*, Xiaolong Zhang^4,*, Qi Zheng⁶, Ling Lin⁶, Zexiong Niu⁶, Ruiqiang Li⁶, Zhiming Cai⁴ and Lei Li¹

¹Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710061, China
²Chinese Academy of Sciences Protein Science core facility center, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
³Beijing Jianlan Institute of Medicine, Beijing 100190, China
⁴The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
⁵CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
⁶Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing 100083, China Correspondence: Lei Li,(lilydr@hotmail.com)

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for ~3% of adult malignancies and 90%-95% of kidney neoplasms1. Metastatic disease is usually resistant to radiation and chemotherapy. Immunotherapy shows limited response rates of 15% to 20%2. Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) are key players in RCC initiation, development and resistance to therapy3. Previous studies have shown that RCC is a genetically distinct adult carcinoma with a relatively low mutation rate4. Sequencing analyses have revealed that some common somatic mutations are shared among RCC patients5. Recently, single-cell exome sequencing has been used to evaluate somatic mutations in many tumor types6. However, a systematic effort applying this new technique to identify key driver genes in the CSCs of RCC has not been made.

10.1038/cr.2016.150

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