Volume 32, No 2, Feb 2022

ISSN: 1001-0602 
EISSN: 1748-7838 2018 
impact factor 17.848* 
(Clarivate Analytics, 2019)

Volume 32 Issue 2, February 2022: 190-209

ORIGINAL ARTICLES

Regulators of tubulin polyglutamylation control nuclear shape and cilium disassembly by balancing microtubule and actin assembly

Lei Wang^1,* , Sharad C. Paudyal² , Yuchen Kang¹ , Mikito Owa¹ , Feng-Xia Liang³ , Alexander Spektor² , Holger Knaut⁴ , Irma Sánchez¹ , Brian D. Dynlacht^1,*

¹Department of Pathology, New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
²Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
³Microscopy Laboratory, Division of Advanced Research Technologies, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
⁴Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
Correspondence: Lei Wang(Lei.Wang@nyulangone.org)Brian D. Dynlacht(Brian.Dynlacht@nyulangone.org)

Cytoskeletal networks play an important role in regulating nuclear morphology and ciliogenesis. However, the role of microtubule (MT) post-translational modifications in nuclear shape regulation and cilium disassembly has not been explored. Here we identified a novel regulator of the tubulin polyglutamylase complex (TPGC), C11ORF49/CSTPP1, that regulates cytoskeletal organization, nuclear shape, and cilium disassembly. Mechanistically, loss of C11ORF49/CSTPP1 impacts the assembly and stability of the TPGC, which modulates long-chain polyglutamylation levels on microtubules (MTs) and thereby balances the binding of MT-associated proteins and actin nucleators. As a result, loss of TPGC leads to aberrant, enhanced assembly of MTs that penetrate the nucleus, which in turn leads to defects in nuclear shape, and disorganization of cytoplasmic actin that disrupts the YAP/TAZ pathway and cilium disassembly. Further, we showed that C11ORF49/CSTPP1-TPGC plays mechanistically distinct roles in the regulation of nuclear shape and cilium disassembly. Remarkably, disruption of C11ORF49/CSTPP1-TPGC also leads to developmental defects in vivo. Our findings point to an unanticipated nexus that links tubulin polyglutamylation with nuclear shape and ciliogenesis.

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41422-021-00584-9

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